Cost-effectiveness of providing long-acting extended-release buprenorphine in California carceral settings: a simulation modeling study
Cycle 11 (2025-2026)

Zongbo Li, MPH
University of Minnesota
In California, nearly 27,000 or 30% of incarcerated individuals have an opioid use disorder (OUD). Research has shown that providing medication for OUD (MOUD) in prison facilities improves formerly incarcerated people’s engagement in community treatment and promotes opportunities for social advancement after their release. Compared to other FDA-approved MOUDs, the long-acting injectable formulation of extended-release buprenorphine (XR-BUP) has the potential to enhance the continuity of care post-release due to its high acceptability among patients, flexible dosing window, and reduced administrative burden.
To evaluate the public health and economic impact of offering XR-BUP at California carceral facilities, in this pilot study Zongbo Li will conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of XR-BUP and will adapt PROFOUND, a simulation model originally developed to assess naloxone distribution strategies in Rhode Island, Massachusetts, and New York City, for carceral settings. Data will come from multiple sources, including the California Correctional Health Care Services, California Integrated Substance Use Disorder Treatment program, and scientific literature. Findings from this study will inform policies on MOUD implementation and promoting the health of incarcerated populations.
Zongbo Li is a PhD student at the University of Minnesota School of Public Health. His research primarily focuses on applying simulation modeling and cost-effectiveness analysis to inform policy decisions on substance use and infectious diseases. Upon completion of his PhD, he will join the Department of Health Policy at Stanford University as a postdoctoral research fellow.